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-#summary BSDCPIO 1 manual page
-== NAME ==
-*cpio*
-- copy files to and from archives
-== SYNOPSIS ==
-<br>
-*cpio*
-{*-i*}
-`[`_options_`]`
-`[`_pattern_ ...`]`
-`[`_`<`_ archive`]`
-<br>
-*cpio*
-{*-o*}
-`[`_options_`]`
-_`<`_ name-list
-`[`_>_ archive`]`
-<br>
-*cpio*
-{*-p*}
-`[`_options_`]`
-_dest-dir_
-_`<`_ name-list
-== DESCRIPTION ==
-*cpio*
-copies files between archives and directories.
-This implementation can extract from tar, pax, cpio, zip, jar, ar,
-and ISO 9660 cdrom images and can create tar, pax, cpio, ar,
-and shar archives.
-
-The first option to
-*cpio*
-is a mode indicator from the following list:
-<dl>
-<dt>*-i*</dt><dd>
-Input.
-Read an archive from standard input (unless overriden) and extract the
-contents to disk or (if the
-*-t*
-option is specified)
-list the contents to standard output.
-If one or more file patterns are specified, only files matching
-one of the patterns will be extracted.
-</dd><dt>*-o*</dt><dd>
-Output.
-Read a list of filenames from standard input and produce a new archive
-on standard output (unless overriden) containing the specified items.
-</dd><dt>*-p*</dt><dd>
-Pass-through.
-Read a list of filenames from standard input and copy the files to the
-specified directory.
-</dd></dl>
-
-== OPTIONS ==
-Unless specifically stated otherwise, options are applicable in
-all operating modes.
-<dl>
-<dt>*-0*</dt><dd>
-Read filenames separated by NUL characters instead of newlines.
-This is necessary if any of the filenames being read might contain newlines.
-</dd><dt>*-A*</dt><dd>
-(o mode only)
-Append to the specified archive.
-(Not yet implemented.)
-</dd><dt>*-a*</dt><dd>
-(o and p modes)
-Reset access times on files after they are read.
-</dd><dt>*-B*</dt><dd>
-(o mode only)
-Block output to records of 5120 bytes.
-</dd><dt>*-C* _size_</dt><dd>
-(o mode only)
-Block output to records of
-_size_
-bytes.
-</dd><dt>*-c*</dt><dd>
-(o mode only)
-Use the old POSIX portable character format.
-Equivalent to
-*--format* _odc_.
-</dd><dt>*-d*</dt><dd>
-(i and p modes)
-Create directories as necessary.
-</dd><dt>*-E* _file_</dt><dd>
-(i mode only)
-Read list of file name patterns from
-_file_
-to list and extract.
-</dd><dt>*-F* _file_</dt><dd>
-Read archive from or write archive to
-_file_.
-</dd><dt>*-f* _pattern_</dt><dd>
-(i mode only)
-Ignore files that match
-_pattern_.
-</dd><dt>*--format* _format_</dt><dd>
-(o mode only)
-Produce the output archive in the specified format.
-Supported formats include:
-
-<dl>
-<dt>_cpio_</dt><dd>
-Synonym for
-_odc_.
-</dd><dt>_newc_</dt><dd>
-The SVR4 portable cpio format.
-</dd><dt>_odc_</dt><dd>
-The old POSIX.1 portable octet-oriented cpio format.
-</dd><dt>_pax_</dt><dd>
-The POSIX.1 pax format, an extension of the ustar format.
-</dd><dt>_ustar_</dt><dd>
-The POSIX.1 tar format.
-</dd></dl>
-
-The default format is
-_odc_.
-See
-*libarchive_formats*(5)
-for more complete information about the
-formats currently supported by the underlying
-*libarchive*(3)
-library.
-</dd><dt>*-H* _format_</dt><dd>
-Synonym for
-*--format*.
-</dd><dt>*-h*, *--help*</dt><dd>
-Print usage information.
-</dd><dt>*-I* _file_</dt><dd>
-Read archive from
-_file_.
-</dd><dt>*-i*</dt><dd>
-Input mode.
-See above for description.
-</dd><dt>*--insecure*</dt><dd>
-(i and p mode only)
-Disable security checks during extraction or copying.
-This allows extraction via symbolic links and path names containing
-Sq ..
-in the name.
-</dd><dt>*-J*</dt><dd>
-(o mode only)
-Compress the file with xz-compatible compression before writing it.
-In input mode, this option is ignored; xz compression is recognized
-automatically on input.
-</dd><dt>*-j*</dt><dd>
-Synonym for
-*-y*.
-</dd><dt>*-L*</dt><dd>
-(o and p modes)
-All symbolic links will be followed.
-Normally, symbolic links are archived and copied as symbolic links.
-With this option, the target of the link will be archived or copied instead.
-</dd><dt>*-l*</dt><dd>
-(p mode only)
-Create links from the target directory to the original files,
-instead of copying.
-</dd><dt>*-lzma*</dt><dd>
-(o mode only)
-Compress the file with lzma-compatible compression before writing it.
-In input mode, this option is ignored; lzma compression is recognized
-automatically on input.
-</dd><dt>*-m*</dt><dd>
-(i and p modes)
-Set file modification time on created files to match
-those in the source.
-</dd><dt>*-n*</dt><dd>
-(i mode, only with
-*-t*)
-Display numeric uid and gid.
-By default,
-*cpio*
-displays the user and group names when they are provided in the
-archive, or looks up the user and group names in the system
-password database.
-</dd><dt>*-no-preserve-owner*</dt><dd>
-(i mode only)
-Do not attempt to restore file ownership.
-This is the default when run by non-root users.
-</dd><dt>*-O* _file_</dt><dd>
-Write archive to
-_file_.
-</dd><dt>*-o*</dt><dd>
-Output mode.
-See above for description.
-</dd><dt>*-p*</dt><dd>
-Pass-through mode.
-See above for description.
-</dd><dt>*-preserve-owner*</dt><dd>
-(i mode only)
-Restore file ownership.
-This is the default when run by the root user.
-</dd><dt>*--quiet*</dt><dd>
-Suppress unnecessary messages.
-</dd><dt>*-R* `[`user`]``[`:`]``[`group`]`</dt><dd>
-Set the owner and/or group on files in the output.
-If group is specified with no user
-(for example,
-*-R* _:wheel_)
-then the group will be set but not the user.
-If the user is specified with a trailing colon and no group
-(for example,
-*-R* _root:_)
-then the group will be set to the user's default group.
-If the user is specified with no trailing colon, then
-the user will be set but not the group.
-In
-*-i*
-and
-*-p*
-modes, this option can only be used by the super-user.
-(For compatibility, a period can be used in place of the colon.)
-</dd><dt>*-r*</dt><dd>
-(All modes.)
-Rename files interactively.
-For each file, a prompt is written to
-_/dev/tty_
-containing the name of the file and a line is read from
-_/dev/tty_.
-If the line read is blank, the file is skipped.
-If the line contains a single period, the file is processed normally.
-Otherwise, the line is taken to be the new name of the file.
-</dd><dt>*-t*</dt><dd>
-(i mode only)
-List the contents of the archive to stdout;
-do not restore the contents to disk.
-</dd><dt>*-u*</dt><dd>
-(i and p modes)
-Unconditionally overwrite existing files.
-Ordinarily, an older file will not overwrite a newer file on disk.
-</dd><dt>*-v*</dt><dd>
-Print the name of each file to stderr as it is processed.
-With
-*-t*,
-provide a detailed listing of each file.
-</dd><dt>*--version*</dt><dd>
-Print the program version information and exit.
-</dd><dt>*-y*</dt><dd>
-(o mode only)
-Compress the archive with bzip2-compatible compression before writing it.
-In input mode, this option is ignored;
-bzip2 compression is recognized automatically on input.
-</dd><dt>*-Z*</dt><dd>
-(o mode only)
-Compress the archive with compress-compatible compression before writing it.
-In input mode, this option is ignored;
-compression is recognized automatically on input.
-</dd><dt>*-z*</dt><dd>
-(o mode only)
-Compress the archive with gzip-compatible compression before writing it.
-In input mode, this option is ignored;
-gzip compression is recognized automatically on input.
-</dd></dl>
-== ENVIRONMENT ==
-The following environment variables affect the execution of
-*cpio*:
-<dl>
-<dt>*LANG*
-The locale to use.
-See
-*environ*(7)
-for more information.
-</dt><dt>*TZ*
-The timezone to use when displaying dates.
-See
-*environ*(7)
-for more information.
-</dt></dl>
-== EXIT STATUS ==
-The *cpio* utility exits 0 on success, and >0 if an error occurs.
-== EXAMPLES ==
-The
-*cpio*
-command is traditionally used to copy file heirarchies in conjunction
-with the
-*find*(1)
-command.
-The first example here simply copies all files from
-_src_
-to
-_dest_:
-{{{
-find src | cpio -pmud dest
-}}}
-
-By carefully selecting options to the
-*find*(1)
-command and combining it with other standard utilities,
-it is possible to exercise very fine control over which files are copied.
-This next example copies files from
-_src_
-to
-_dest_
-that are more than 2 days old and whose names match a particular pattern:
-{{{
-find src -mtime _+2_ | grep foo[bar] | cpio -pdmu dest
-}}}
-
-This example copies files from
-_src_
-to
-_dest_
-that are more than 2 days old and which contain the word
-"foobar":
-{{{
-find src -mtime _+2_ | xargs grep -l foobar | cpio -pdmu dest
-}}}
-== COMPATIBILITY ==
-The mode options i, o, and p and the options
-a, B, c, d, f, l, m, r, t, u, and v comply with SUSv2.
-
-The old POSIX.1 standard specified that only
-*-i*,
-*-o*,
-and
-*-p*
-were interpreted as command-line options.
-Each took a single argument of a list of modifier
-characters.
-For example, the standard syntax allows
-*-imu*
-but does not support
-*-miu*
-or
-*-i* *-m* *-u*,
-since
-_m_
-and
-_u_
-are only modifiers to
-*-i*,
-they are not command-line options in their own right.
-The syntax supported by this implementation is backwards-compatible
-with the standard.
-For best compatibility, scripts should limit themselves to the
-standard syntax.
-== SEE ALSO ==
-*bzip2*(1),
-*tar*(1),
-*gzip*(1),
-*mt*(1),
-*pax*(1),
-*libarchive*(3),
-*cpio*(5),
-*libarchive-formats*(5),
-*tar*(5)
-== STANDARDS ==
-There is no current POSIX standard for the cpio command; it appeared
-in
-ISO/IEC 9945-1:1996 (``POSIX.1'')
-but was dropped from
-IEEE Std 1003.1-2001 (``POSIX.1'').
-
-The cpio, ustar, and pax interchange file formats are defined by
-IEEE Std 1003.1-2001 (``POSIX.1'')
-for the pax command.
-== HISTORY ==
-The original
-*cpio*
-and
-*find*
-utilities were written by Dick Haight
-while working in AT&T's Unix Support Group.
-They first appeared in 1977 in PWB/UNIX 1.0, the
-"Programmer's Work Bench"
-system developed for use within AT&T.
-They were first released outside of AT&T as part of System III Unix in 1981.
-As a result,
-*cpio*
-actually predates
-*tar*,
-even though it was not well-known outside of AT&T until some time later.
-
-This is a complete re-implementation based on the
-*libarchive*(3)
-library.
-== BUGS ==
-The cpio archive format has several basic limitations:
-It does not store user and group names, only numbers.
-As a result, it cannot be reliably used to transfer
-files between systems with dissimilar user and group numbering.
-Older cpio formats limit the user and group numbers to
-16 or 18 bits, which is insufficient for modern systems.
-The cpio archive formats cannot support files over 4 gigabytes,
-except for the
-"odc"
-variant, which can support files up to 8 gigabytes.